Nine Inch Nails David Bowie free essay sample

Ive thought Nine Inch Nails was the best band on the planet for a couple of years yet I currently realize how horribly disparaged they are. September 16, 1995. One of the primary stops of the Outside Tour, David Bowies first visit in quite a while. There was a fairly enormous sold-out group at Great Woods. After Prick, I, not all that persistently, sat tight for Nine Inch Nails, the subsequent opening act, to show up. Out of nowhere, an incredible hit to the speakers and Trent, Charlie, Chris, Robin and Danny thundered onto the phase with Terrible Lie. As Trent hollered Now, doesnt it cause you to feel better? to March of the Pigs we replied, YES! A grin split over his excellent face and the smash of the mosh pit broke a couple of more ribs. I watched in stunningness through Wish and shouted alongside Gave Up and ADown in it. There was a passionate delay, at that point, as obscured birds mixed about on the screen behind the band. We will compose a custom article test on Nine Inch Nails David Bowie or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Trent vanished behind the window ornament as everybody supplicated that the set wasnt over. He returned with a gleaming saxophone in his grasp. As he played peaceful, sleep inducing notes through the mouthpiece, a figure strolled onto the stage. The cries and shouts of every individual in the middle mixed together into one disordered blast as David Bowie ventured up to the mouthpiece. They danced through Subterranean and Trent ventured forward, into the spotlight for a boisterous slamming rendition of Scary Monsters. David and Trent exchanged vocals while Nine Inch Nails drummer, Chris Vrenna, cooperated with the huge haired Bowie drummer. Out of nowhere, the throbbing cries of Hurt seeped through the speakers and the tears moved down my face. This passionate melody ended up being the last tune for Trent and companions. With a wave, they tragically vanished from sight and David dominated. The set was enlivened with different figures in Bondage. David glinted, blinding to take a gander at, as he loose on a work area for The Man Who Sold the World (the first is in every case better). The showy behavior were mesmerizing as he limited everywhere throughout the phase for Jump They Say and gradually, as though reluctantly, got done with Joe the Lion. I watched in stunningness through this presentation and Im dismal, yet happy, to state that I will never again observe such an awesome a display (at any rate until I see NIN again)

Learning Theories Comparative Perspective

Instructors have offered various clarifications of how learning happens. The absence of agreement on the perfect learning strategy has prompted rise of many learning speculations. Leonard (2002) characterizes learning hypotheses as the â€Å"conceptual systems that depict how data is consumed, prepared, and held during learning† (23). A few teachers contend that learning is essentially a difference in behavior.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Learning Theories: Comparative Perspective explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Others feel that difference in conduct is too oversimplified to even think about encompassing such learning involves. To them, learning is intricate and therefore utilizes high intellectual capacities. A few variables impact how people gain information. The intellectual and passionate condition of the student assumes a significant job in deciding people’s perspective (Lefrancì §ois, 2012). Furthermore, the p hysical condition profoundly affects people’s assimilation and maintenance of new information. This paper will extrapolate three learning hypotheses: behaviorism, subjective, and constructivism. It will additionally put the speculations one next to the other and clarify their disparities. Behaviorism scholars contend that learning happens through molding (Skinner, 1976). To them, learning doesn't include mental exercises. To gauge in the case of learning has occurred, what one needs to do is to build up whether there has been an adjustment in conduct. Operant and great molding supports the hypothesis. Pavlov, a clinician, created and advanced Classic molding. Via doing explores different avenues regarding hounds, he set up that people and creatures react with a particular goal in mind to certain improvement. B.F Skinner strengthened this way of thinking through operant molding. He showed a pigeon to move and inferred that a reaction follows each boost (Turner, 2007). On the o ff chance that this reaction pulls in a prize, it turns out to be increasingly visit. The suggestion for learning is that to energize or demoralize a conduct, educators can utilize positive or negative support. This is the premise on which instructors advocate for the utilization of remunerations and discipline in learning. Psychological hypothesis clarifies that a child’s intellectual capacity creates with age. Jean Piaget created and promoted the hypothesis. Piaget and Roberts (1976) assert that youngsters â€Å"build subjective structures and mental maps for comprehension and reacting to physical encounters inside their environment† (56). Teachers should in this manner cease from â€Å"suffocating† students with complex information that isn't couple with their intellectual levels.Advertising Looking for investigate paper on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An infant’s limits are restr icted to straightforward reflexes yet they create and turn out to be increasingly intricate as the child’s develop. In the early existence of a kid, dynamic learning is hard to conceptualize. Instructors should concentrate on solid things particularly those that the kid can control utilizing engine abilities. The multifaceted nature of learning materials should increment equivalent with the child’s intellectual structures. The child’s mental guide suits new learning and makes balance between what the kid is fit for engrossing and the encounters radiating from nature. Constructivism hypothesis is more logically grounded than the two speculations examined previously. It contends that individuals comprehend the world through reflection on present and past encounters. Leonard (2002) asserts that every person produces â€Å"his own principles and mental models which he uses to understand his experiences† (34). In learning, thusly, individuals make space for ne w encounters by just creation a change to their psychological models. Individuals scan for importance through reflection. Learning is definitely not a negligible spewing forth of information yet a profound quest for importance in everything people do. Prior to educating, an educator ought to build up the view of the student in the specific control or subject. The instructing ought concentrate all in all as well as on the parts (Lefrancì §ois, 2012). The hypothesis limits the utilization of tests for evaluation. As per constructivists, learning is a result of individual’s reflection as the person collaborates with new information. All things considered, assessments can't be viable in building up in the case of learning has occurred. Near Perspective Educators consider behaviorism hypothesis the customary methodology in instructing and learning. The educator is the wellspring of information and the student is the beneficiary. The educator conveys the information legitimately t o the student. On the off chance that the data is intricate, the instructor has the attentiveness to give it to the student through possibilities that consolidate prizes and support. Ritzer and Sage Publications (2005) assert that in behaviorism, â€Å"students learn without educating, in their regular habitats, yet educators organize unique possibilities which assist picking up, rushing the presence of conduct which would some way or another be obtained slowly† (64). Assessments are a basic thing in learning for behaviorist theorists.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Learning Theories: Comparative Perspective explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Their point is to gauge whether there have been any adjustments in the conduct of the student. Teachers spur students through remunerations and fortification. On the off chance that a student fails, discipline proves to be useful to achieve social change. The students task in this methodolo gy is gain realities and ace abilities. A teacher must acclaim and prize students who make little achievements. Behaviorist scholars utilize progress diagrams to screen learners’ improvement. The teacher can apply his power to rebuff students who show next to zero social change. In constructivism, learning happens through critical thinking and disclosure. It isn't organized. It rather unfurls in a characteristic and uninhibited way. People have a natural interest. Whenever given the freedom, they are fit for finding things without anyone else as long as there is inspiration. Learning is neither educator focused nor at the bearing of an instructor or a power. The methodology, according to behaviorist scholars, needs â€Å"meaningful learning† (Turner, 2007). There are not organized assessments yet rather direct tests that relate to the learners’ abilities. The job of the instructor is to diminish dangers in the learning condition and make it trying. Thusly, stude nts will become basic masterminds and issue solvers. The educator simply encourages the learning procedure as students work in gatherings. He poses mindful and inciting inquiries that invigorate conversations. Students conceptualize and show up at unique arrangements and present them in a method based on their personal preference. In intellectual hypothesis of getting the hang of, learning is a result of very much planned methodologies. The learners’ point is to procure realities and ace ideas. They watch the educator as he exhibits and clarifies realities. The instructor utilizes his own systems to catch and hold the consideration of the students. Visual guides are significant in the learning procedure. The students watch designs and use them to infer importance through examination and blend. To upgrade maintenance of data, students can utilize memory aides and other recovery signs. Schunk (1991) propounds that the methodology applies learning techniques, for example,  "review, analyze, ask, do, and summarize† (34).Advertising Searching for inquire about paper on instruction? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More As per behaviorist scholars, the central point that impacts learning is the earth. Mind influences learning since it includes inner feelings that can't be estimated. Molding is the principle route through which to get learning. Unavoidably, subsequently, prizes and discipline impact learning. In the event that teachers persuade students for their little achievements, students will accomplish increasingly conduct change. A perfect instructor will move realities and aptitudes to the students and evaluate their comprehension through assessments. Constructivist hypotheses accept that learning inspiration impacts learning. The job of an instructor is to persuade the student to create arrangements as opposed to remember recorded arrangements. Aside from inspiration, experience additionally impacts learning. The hypothesis propounds that students come into the learning procedure with their own encounters; they are not clear. The undertaking of the instructor along these lines isn't to store information on the students however incite and evoke revelation of new information. Schunk (1991) further affirms that educator is an impact â€Å"that plays out a moderate job intended towards most learning for least teaching† (45). The significant impact in this methodology is understanding and inspiration. Psychological scholars hold that subjective structures and mental maps impact learning (Piaget Roberts, 1976). As a kid develops, his psychological structure creates to have the option to assimilate conceptual materials. The child’s formative stage definitely has an effect on the learning procedure. For example, youngsters who are beneath two years in age are in sensor engine stage. They can just interface with its condition at a physical level. Their build of dynamic the truth is low. Educational program engineers should hence detail an educational program that is fitting to children’s intellectual level. Behaviorist scholars recognize the job of the cere brum in adapting however their significant distraction is with what one can watch straightforwardly. They consider what is show, not the tho

Super credit design for Google Blogger Templates

Super credit design for Google Blogger Templates Blogger credit design now-a-days become so popular. After importance of Blog footer credit section get priority. Though many blogger adding different stylish credit section on their blog but major blogger dont think about their blog credit section. However this is the hot cake right now among bloggers. You would see most of the blogger templates credit section is useless. There only containing information about template designer, Copyright as well as authors credit which is most of the time avoid by the visitors. But we can make the credit section as a way of earnings by simply adding some good staff. Nevertheless I am going to share a tutorial about adding an attractive credit section into your blog where Blogger, GoDaddy and CSS3 icons integrated. Though you are using Google blogging platform absolutely free so you should give a credit to Google blog. Beside of this you can use GoDaddy by joining in their referral program. This means if any visitor click on that icon and buy a hosting plan from GoDaddy then you would receive commission from them. This is really easy money and you dont have to use large space in in your blog. And finally I have included CSS3 icon which increase your blog value in the eyes of readers. Live Demo I think this is the cool staff for your blog where you can use your blog space wisely. And dont worry about your author credit and copyright information because I have already included in the credit design section also. Primarily the icons will be inactive style with ash color when you mouse over on them then it will change the color of each icons. As well as you can add link for every icon. For Installing this widget please follow the simple steps from below Step 1Log in to yourBlogger Accountand Click onTemplate- Step 2Now click onEdit HTML- Unfold code Step 3Now find]]/b:skinbyPressingCtrl+F Step 4And Paste the below code above]]/b:skin /*----- Footer Credits Styling Starts -----*/.BSfooter-credits { border-top:1px solid #555; padding: 15px; background: #444; text-shadow: 1px 1px #000000; color: #D4D4D4; font-size: 70%; }.BSfooter-credits .BSattribution{ float:right; margin-left: 100px;}.BSfooter-credits .BSattribution a { font-style: normal; font-size: 70%;}#footer a, .BSfooter-credits a { color: #FEFEFE; }#footer a:hover, .BSfooter-credits a:hover { color: #D4D4D4; }/*----- FC by www.bloggerspice.com -----*/.BloggerSpice-ico{padding: 0 0 0 0;margin: -6px 30px 0 10px;float: right;}.BloggerSpice-ico a {display: block;height: 35px;width: 50px;float: left;background: transparent url(https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIy1CSoZtiHcHQCLXbYaIa7e_dGmtyJo_faGKQ_HzMcQRHSALmm-Yefqvkhihfo5u_LFAKtVegHpeAlPoFHIRDuKXr07RjSdX9F_MWB_yK-pc85e59ep4PQcIiK35hXw8oRezEOjqQKJQO/s1600/Bs+Sprite+with+GoDady.png) no-repeat;font-size: 10px;cursor: pointer;}.BloggerSpice-ico a.blogger{background-position: 0 -45px;}.BloggerSpice-ico a.blogger:hover{background-position: 0 -1px;}.BloggerSpice-ico a.godaddy{background-position:0px -133px;}.BloggerSpice-ico a.godaddy:hover{background-position:0px -93px;}.BloggerSpice-ico a.css3{background-position:0px -215px;}.BloggerSpice-ico a.css3:hover{background-position:0px -180px;}/*----- Credit Styling Ends -----*/ Step 5Now find/bodybyPressingCtrl+F Step 6And Paste the below code above/body div class='BSfooter-credits'div class='BS-wrapper'div class='BloggerSpice-ico'div style='float: left; margin: 10px 0 0 0;' Powered By: span class='BloggerSpice-ico a'a alt='Blogger' class='blogger' href='http://www.blogger.com' target='_blank' title='Hosted At Blogger'/aa alt='Hosted At GoDaddy' class='godaddy' href='http://x.co/bspice' rel='nofollow' target='_blank' title='Domain At GoDaddy'/aa alt='CSS3' class='css3' title='Powered By CSS3'/a/spandiv style='margin-left: 70px;'pa href='http://www.bloggerspice.com/'Blogger Spice/a #169; 2013 - All Rights Reserved./p!-- /BS-wrapper --!-- footer-credits -- Customization Replace http://x.co/bspice with your GoDaddy affiliate links Change http://www.bloggerspice.com/ with your Bog address If you Have any more query then feel free to contact with us. I will help you to install this super design easily. Beside of this I will release more footer credit design very soon. Till than keep visiting regularly.

The Online Betting - 1155 Words

21bet makes its debut just in time for the Cheltenham Festival Aiming to shake the foundations of the online betting world, 21bet has finally made its long-awaited debut. Ahead of the famous Cheltenham Festival, 21bet has completed its rebrand and is now promising to deliver players a one of a kind sports betting/casino gaming fusion. What immediately makes 21bet different to the competition is the fact that it isn’t run by the usual corporate names. Standing behind this new brand is a team of industry professionals and sports fans that have dreams of taking online betting to new heights. Through a simple to use website, easy to navigate markets, and a few trademark FSB Technology features 21bet looks to be getting off on the right†¦show more content†¦Overcoming every obstacle and securing plenty of player interest along the way, during the past 8 years Mr Green has gone from strength to strength. How it has managed to maintain a firm grasp on the online casino crown is simple, they give players what they want. Loaded with the best casino games on the planet, Mr Green has proven that it is no stranger to a truly epic promotional campaign. Making players dreams come true, this month one lucky Mr Green member will win a VIP Mexican holiday! The announcement for the new giveaway came around in typical Mr Green fashion. As they sent all members an apology email, stating that they will never stop giving players freebies and extras to get stuck into. Bringing a taste of sunshine to one lucky player, pack your swimsuit and sunblock, as a once in a lifetime VIP trip to Mexico is on the table. Following on from the super successful Monaco Roulette campaign, this new offer raises the stakes, as the total prize package value tops â‚ ¬5,000! To be in with a shout of walking away with this amazing prize, all a Mr Green member has to do is wager on roulette as normal and secure a win. Aptly named Spinata Grande Fiesta Roulette, the competition carries distinct a Mexican flavour as it brings players one-step closer to the VIP experience. Play roulette, win big, earn yourself entries to the prize draw, and should it all come together, courtesy of Mr Green, you could be set to experience ultimate Mexico adventure! 777Show MoreRelatedBrazil s President Dilma Rousseff Stalls Betting Legislation902 Words   |  4 PagesBrazil’s President Dilma Rousseff Stalls Betting Legislation Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff has put a lid on the progress of the 671-2015 legislation that was expected to offer provisions for the regulated spots betting and fixed odds. The president killed off an attempt to legalize sports betting by vetoing 36 clauses before signing a bill that was earlier approved by the country’s senate. President Dilma fears that the bill lacks proper mechanisms to prevent possible social impact. AccordingRead MoreHow Online Gambling Is The Legal And Development Insights Right Here Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesHow to Make a Gambling Website? Considering to launch an online gambling business? Get to know all the legal and development insights right here. Online gaming and gambling industry is ripe and striving. The estimated global revenues are predicted to hit $56.8 billion by 2018. If you are planning to start a gambling website, there might be no better time than now. However, before you consider creating a betting website or hiring a gambling website development company to do the job for you, youRead MoreShould Sports Be Legalized?978 Words   |  4 PagesSome jobs would also be created if online gambling was legalized. Many of the existing online gambling sites would move their operations to the United States, while other sites would be newly created in here. The jobs created would range from computer programmers to customer service jobs (Rousu). Our economy is always looking for new jobs to decrease the unemployment rate. This is a great way to lower unemployment and increase the economy at the same time. In Canada, the provinces experience additionalRead MoreOnline Barmy Online Roulette Myths That Need Dispelling1741 Words   |  7 PagesBlog 31 – Barmy online roulette myths that need dispelling No other online casino game quite sells glamour like online roulette. The drama of the spinning wheel is almost unmatched no matter where it is you choose to play. While the appeal of online roulette is clear for all to see, it seems that over the years several ridiculous myths have been attached to the game. Many of these myths are simply barmy in nature and need dispelling. Thankfully, we have done our research and are finally able toRead MoreA Review On The World Of Online Casino1247 Words   |  5 Pages777 gives gamblers a slice of retro-cool! If you’ve had your ear to the ground with the world of online casino play as of late, you will have almost certainly heard of 777. Part of the globally recognised 888 Holdings group, 777 has emerged as a premiere gambling experience. What 777 represent is so much more than just a standard online casino experience, as it attempts to push the boundaries of both entertainment and creativity. Immediately separating this casino from the competition is its themeRead MoreWays For Obtaining Promotions For Job Essay939 Words   |  4 Pagesan employee is deserved to this post. A Trust Worthy Site To Bet For Football The sbobetasia is one among several online casinos, but serves to be best. Online casino is available for people throughout Asia. It is really easy to join under this. As you complete registration process, you will be able to find the best site. It now urges you to know about few interesting facts of online casino. †¢ Casino With Trust: Few casinos earned a negative reputation from people. In this way, sbobet asia is differentRead MoreAdvantages of Playing over the Internet1324 Words   |  5 Pages  They all always available or close to places to play  (betting,  casino,  etc....),  and your online betting,  casino and poker room,  are  available 24- hours, 7 days a week and 365 days a year.  Which means,  from the comfort of your home, apartment,  cafe or even a mobile phone,  you can pay the ticket,  play slots,  roulette,  poker or some other game. Here are a few advantages to playing online:   - Great selection of games - Blogs and Live Betting, Casino and Live Casino where you play against real croupiersRead MoreLadbrokes Business Model1607 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction One of the worlds leading betting and gambling services is Ladbrokes PLC. Ladbrokes PLC primarily operates in the UK, operating in a multitude of sectors including e gaming, telephone betting, high street betting shops and casino games. Their turnover in 2009 was estimated at over  £1032.2 million, and remains today one of the market leaders for gambling services in the UK. Ladbrokes focus mainly on online and in-store sports betting. They operate odds on over 30 sports, alongRead MoreShould Daily Fantasy Sports Games Be Considered Forms Of Gambling?1651 Words   |  7 Pagesthe growth of online sports wagering has created widespread concerns beyond those of traditional casino gambling. Legality of real sports betting, which includes betting on actual teams, players, or scores, is determined at the state level, with only four states (Delaware, Montana, Nevada, and Oregon) deciding it is legal to gamble on real life sports. However, online daily fantasy sports (DFS) companies, such as FanDuel.com and DraftKings.com, allow consumers to participate in online fantasy sportsRead MorePlay In 2014s Best Online Roulette Websites! Essay735 Words   |  3 PagesPlay In 2014s Best Online Roulette Websites! 2014’s Best Online Roulette Casino Reviews - We Reviewed the Best latest Online Roulette Casinos of the Year. Click Here! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_roulette Online roulette is very simple to play. The online roulette game is a very rewarding online casino game. There is the probability of much higher cash out from online casino roulette. In online roulette game, the casino players usually play against the online casino house. The players

World Famous Diary Of Anne Frank - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1457 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Anne Frank Essay Did you like this example? I was born on June 12, 1929 in Frankfurt, Germany. My name is Anne Frank. My father was Otto, a proud German. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "World Famous Diary Of Anne Frank" essay for you Create order I lived with my father, my mother Edith and my sister Margot. We were a middle class Jewish Family. My father was a lieutenant in the German army during World War I. He later became a businessman in Germany and the Netherlands. My mother was a stay at home mom. We lived a happy and comfortable life in Germany. My sister was well behaved and polite, I was more of a trouble maker. I was very out spoken. I loved books. I wanted to become a writer when I grew up. In 1918 World War I ended with Germanys defeat. Many Germans were out of work. Prices for everything were very high. A new leader came into power in 1933, his name was Adolf Hitler. He was born April 20, 1889. He was the Head of the National Socialist party, also known as a Nazi. He made the Germans feel better about themselves. He said real Germans were better than other people, this did not include Jewish people. In his speeches he would blame the Jewish people for the problems Germany was going through. Hitler planned on getting rid of all Jewish people. Jewish people had to live in special neighborhoods and go to different schools. Life was becoming hard for them in Germany. My father saw that Hitler was a dangerous man and decided we should move. At first we went to live in Switzerland with one of my grandmothers. Then, in the fall of 1933 my father moved to Amsterdam, we followed in January of 1934. Amsterdam was a big city in the Netherlands. My father decided to move here because it was close to Germany and there was no problems for Jewish people. My father also spoke Dutch which is the lan guage they speak in the Netherlands. Here my father started a new business making pectin. Pectin is a powder people would use to make jam. We moved into a new apartment and my sister and I started a new school. We learned to speak the language quickly and also made new friends. One of my best friends was a girl named Hanne. We would ride our bikes and go ice skating together. I also love going swimming and to the movies. I would cut out pictures of movie stars from magazines hoping that one day I would be a movie star. Everything seemed normal in Amsterdam until my uncle Walter, got arrested in Germany for being Jewish. He was sent to a labor camp. It was just like a prison. My father wasnt sure how safe we were going to be in Amsterdam because Hitler was moving closer to the Netherlands. My parents were not sure if we should move again but since my father was already in his fifties and my sister and I were happy here, they decided not to move. In 1939 Hitler invaded Poland, England and France declared war. This was the start of World War II. The Netherlands did not pick a side. More and more Jewish people came to Amsterdam to be safe but on May 10, 1940 Germany invaded. On the day of the attack, bombs dropped from the sky and destroyed a town called Rotterdam. Thousands of people died. The Germans came into Amsterdam. A few Jewish families were able to escape but my family had to go into hiding. My father gave his business to, two good friends of his who were not Jewish and new how to run it. My sister and I were sent to a special school for Jewish kids. We had to wear yellow stars sown onto our clothes. This way people could see we were Jewish. The star was called the Star of David. All Jewish people had a curfew, we had to be home inside by 8pm. We could not go outside till 6am the next morning. The only good news was the Germans were not able to invade England and on December of 1941 the United States joined the war. My family hoped this would be the end of the war. The day of the thirteenth birthday my parents gave me a diary. I stated writing in it every day. I called it Kitty. In early July my parents received a letter saying that my sister was being sent to a labor camp. She was ordered to go to the train station but my parents decided to go in hiding. My father and mother had been planning on this for quite some time and had been stocking a secret room in the building were my dad worked with food, furniture and clothes for us to hide. That night we packed our school bags with personal items. We put on as much clothes as possible under our coats and left for the hideout. It was called the Secret Annex. The Secret Annex was very small. It was about fifty square yards. It was behind a secret door in the building my dads company was in. Inside there was only two rooms, one with a stove and sink and the other room was the bathroom. The floor above had two small rooms, one for my parents and the other for me and my sister. My mom had put up my post cards and pictures of movie stars. During the day we had to be very quiet so no one would hear us walking around or talking. We hung up sheets on the windows so no one could see any lights at night. About a week later another family moved in with us. They were friends of our family. It was Mr. and Mrs. Van Pel and their son Peter. He was two years older than me. Peter brought his cat, Mouschi. After being there for five months, a man named Fritz Pfeffer joined us also. My father friend Miep and her husband, Jan Gies were our link to the outside world. They were not Jewish. Also his two friend that took over his business were Victor and Johannes. They would bring us supplies that we needed. These people would risk their lives to bring us food, newspapers and any news from the outside world. A year had come and gone, every page in my diary was filled up. Miep would bring me blank paper so I could continue writing. One day I was listening to the radio and heard a man talking about how after the war the diaries and letters would be published. My dream was to see My Kitty published after the war. I wrote, Youve known for a long time that my greatest wish is to become a journalist someday and later on a famous writerI want to publish a book titled The Secret Annex after the war; whether I shall succeed or not, I cannot say. By the time I turned fifteen we had been in hiding for almost two years. It was June 1944, the war was almost over. My dad would track the progress of our Allies. I began to see freedom. On August 4, 1944 Peter heard shouting from below. Men with guns raised stormed the Annex. It was the Nazi police. After years of being so carful and quite they found us. Someone had betrayed us but we never found out who it was. After we were all taken away Miep snuck in to the Annex and hid our photos and my diary in a desk. We all ended up in a concentration camp, the men on one side and the women on the other. At the camp most people were put to death right away. My sister and I were separated from our mother. We had no life. We struggled to survive. We both came down with a sickness called Typhus. We died in March of 1945. In April British soldiers arrived and freed everyone in the camp. The only person who survived from my family was my father. He returned to Amsterdam hoping to see us but lear ned that we were dead. All that was left was our photos and my diary. In the summer of 1947 my diary was published. It was first called The Secret Annex, it was later changed to, Anne Frank: Diary of a Young Girl. When all was said and done, Hitler had murdered six million Jews. He ended up killing himself in 1945 inside a secret bunker. My diary became world famous, it has been translated into more than sixty-five languages. In 1960 the Secret Annex was opened to the public and more than one million visitors come every year. The last words I wrote are In spite of everything I still believe that people are really good at heart.

The Effect of Hollywood on Youth - 600 Words

The Effect of Hollywood on Youth â€Å"We have got to quit fooling around with this. I know this stuff sells, but that doesn’t make it right† (Clinton). Bill Clinton is right about this. Some movies have so much action in them that kids are becoming violent because they have watched too many bad movies. Some parents are even letting their little kids watch rated R movies, when they are supposed to be seventeen to watch them, even though they can teach you to do good things. Hollywood movies teach youth to do bad things because, some movies are teaching youth that it’s ok to smoke or drink, because Hollywood movies are setting a bad example. The movies that give kids bad examples are the ones that we need to get rid of. If we don’t get rid of†¦show more content†¦You could easily go to a movie and pay a hundred dollars every time you go. I don’t think that parents should let their kids watch PG-13 movies unless they are at least 13. Some of the movies are PG-13 because of the sexual content, violence, and language that are in them. If younger children are going to watch PG-13 movies they need to have a couple adults with them and they should make them close their eyes on bad parts. I think that if they do that the world would be a better place for children to live in. â€Å"The film industry has always been incredibly effective at influencing people at many levels and in many ways.† (Brandon Michael Davis, Does Hollywood have a Negative Impact on the World). I don’t know how many people are or will be influenced by movies, but it’s almost guaranteed that everyone will be at least a little influenced by the movie they watch. If they don’t get influenced I would be surprised. I think the more you think about it the more you begin to think it’s true. If the children’s parents teach them that this stuff is bad it will help. Hollywood can easily attack people with influence. Sometimes they can make you feel like you have to be skinny. You can usually tell when someone is effected by a movie they kind of act crazy or sometimes even weird. I think that if you are affected by a movie you might need to talk to someone about it. Not only do movies effect people, the actors/actresses can have an influence on people also. Some childrenShow MoreRelatedWhen People Think Of Hollywood, They Think Of It Being1713 Words   |  7 PagesWhen people think of Hollywood, they think of it being very glamorous. In reality, it’s not all lights, camera, or action with celebrities in every corner instead having homeless and drug addicts in every corner. Drug abuse has become a bigger epidemic overtime. Many individuals have been exposed to drugs early on which has lead to their addiction. Falling into the habit of drugs does not lead down a good path when all a person desires are substances to make them feel delirious. 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Role of honor and religion in the novella The chronicles of death foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez Essay Example For Students

Role of honor and religion in the novella The chronicles of death foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez Essay Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s novel â€Å"Chronicle of a Death Foretold† is exemplary in showing the forgoing of the spirit of religion and justice in the name of man-made codes such as honor. The writer portrays an unnamed town where the most vicious of crimes can be committed in the name of honor. The Vicario brothers who brutally butchered Santiago Nasar are given a reprieve after three years of imprisonment. Is it not ironical that they had to stay in the prison only because there was no one to bail them out? Marquez repeatedly denounces the town folks of holding honor above religion. Throughout the novella, Marquez unmasks the absence of true religious values in the town and reveals the double standards of the townsfolk. Marquez attacks the flimsy standards that prevail in the society, and also how people discard their religion. The three things forbidden by the Catholic church such as whores, alcohol and gambling freely flourish in the town. Even the church is corrupted when we see that â€Å" nun had 80% hangover† (Marquez 71). The bishop’s behavior is objectionable when he expresses his intention of eating cock-comb soup, which is very costly and has a sexual implication. People carry on with their sinful lives without caring for redemption and salvation. Even the priest does not remember the ten Commandments of Catholicism! Marquez criticizes the honor codes as well as the legal system of the town where the lawyer stands in â€Å"legitimate defense of honor† (Marquez 48). The honor is so deep rooted in the heart of people that Prudencia will marry Pablo only if he murderers Santiago as one is supposed to avenge the wrong done to one’s honor. The town upholds the brutal murder of Santiago as legitimate. The Vicario Brothers openly declare â€Å" we killed him before god† (Marquez 49) they take refuge in the church not for repentance but only to escape the Arabs. Divina Flor, confesses to the narrator after her mother dies, â€Å"in the depths of her heart she wanted to kill him†. Father Amador takes for granted the idea that god overlooks honor killings. Thus it can be said that honor and religion can play dangerous role in the society, and Santiago is nothing but a victim of them.â€Å" most of the townspeople consoled themselves with the pretext that affairs of honor are scared monopolies.† Through his stylistic approach Marquez intends to draw the attention of the reader to the injustice prevailing in the society in the name of honor and religion. No doubt Santiago is a victim of the superficial norms of the society. Although the people are catholic Christians the religion appears just for the namesake. If men are violent, indulgent and depraved, women have lost their honor. Even a girl like Angela Vicario, brought up in a conservative atmosphere, is not a virgin. Not only she hides it from her mother, but lies to frame Santiago under false charges. Her friends â€Å"teach her the tricks which will enable her to ‘display open under the sun in the courtyard of her house the linen sheet with the stain of honor.’† The old wives tricks prevailing in the town show that women are all equipped to deceive their husbands. They do not set any values to virginity and chastity, but are more worried about how to hide their guilt. It is the irony of human kind that men openly indulge in wine, women and crimes, without feeling a slight tinge of their moral conscience. Marquez lashes upon the absurdity of the societal and cultural aspects of the town when he says that most of the men would sleep in glory in â€Å"the apostolic lap of Alejendrina Maria Cervantes.† Interestingly the people of the town do not know the meaning of honor even. They forget what religion preaches: â€Å"that each one of you know how to control his own body in holiness and honor†. All they remember is how to distort religion as per convenience, and the detestable honor killing. .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 , .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .postImageUrl , .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 , .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236:hover , .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236:visited , .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236:active { border:0!important; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236:active , .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236 .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1daccf1ab05be78f31f5eb9f29640236:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The merchant of venice-From what has Portia's father tried to protect her, and how do her suitors arrive at their choices in the casket test? EssayBayardo San Roman too manifests the evil of male patriarchy when he discards his wife on the mere suggestion that she is not a virgin. He confuses between the real meanings of virginity and purity, and feels no shame in deserting his wife. All he knows is his manly honor where the wife must be no different from a â€Å" garden fresh commodity†. The dictate of the Bible for a Christian wedding, â€Å" So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate†, adds no sign ificance for him. Pura Vicario is also shown as a type cast woman who has raised her daughters to become perfect mothers not providing them any opportunity of education. It looks clear that the society is preset on the gender roles, and what it fears most is the violation of honor and religion. Marquez’s novel raises a question as to what is bigger: religion or honor? Did religion first dawn on the earth or the concept of honor? Religion is practiced all over the world, as it is the factor that distinguishes us from animals by making us more disciplined, caring and honest. But the chaotic murder of Santiago Nasar shows the diminishing values of religion and fall of human standards in the Columbian society. In my opinion these honor killings are nothing but the excuses and shields used by man from time to time to conceal his primal instincts of power, lust and greed. And Santiago is an epitome of these animal instincts as he hails from an Arab ancestry, wherein he feels proud of shooting animals and raping girls, setting no values to religion in the Columbian society. Santiago, although an Arab, is full of zeal on the day of the arrival of the Bishop. He â€Å"put on a shirt and pants of white linen†¦ if it hadn’t been for the Bishop’s arrival, he would have dressed in his khaki outfit†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Can the white clothes hide his black deeds? Santiago is shown as a young man who is fond of raping the women. He drinks to such an extent that he depends on the aspirin to â€Å"overcome his hangover†. He spends the night before the wedding at the brothel of Alexandrina Cervantes. he is waiting for the moment when his maid, Divina Flor â€Å"will be destined to his furtive bed.† The townsfolk justify his brutal murder not only because they feel he is guilty but also for he is rich. Faustino asks, â€Å"Why they had to kill Santiago Nasar since there were so many other rich people who deserved dying first.† It shows the Columbian society is founded on the pillars of jealousy, class rivalry and revenge. The concep t of honor and religion is a farce to ease the designs of the natives. Marquez uses the journalistic style to give the reader an in-depth analysis of the Columbian culture. The genre of magic realism used by the writer further entangles the mystery as to who the seducer of Angela is. Garcia succeeds in highlighting the deeper motivations of a people in a society based on rigid hierarchies and stringent codes of behavior. He lashes upon the hypocrisy of the town when the shows that the honor codes are reserved for ladies of a higher standard. The poor women are exempted from such strange honor codes when Santiago, â€Å"nipped in the bud all the virgins that ever came to the woods.† And it is the irony of human kind that there is no one to protect the virginity of Victoria Guzman or Divina Flore even though there is so much hue and cry in the name of honour and religion. .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d , .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .postImageUrl , .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d , .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d:hover , .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d:visited , .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d:active { border:0!important; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d:active , .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucc4506d73e748a60599d97331460017d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Of Mice And Men - The Importance Of Relationships EssayThe unique style of the author lies in it that Santiago ‘s murder is proclaimed throughout the novel. â€Å"There was no murder more foretold† (Marquez 50). In the words of the critic, Debicki Dà ¡maso Alonso, â€Å"the reader relives the murder. It is an endless cycle of violence that is never cleansed. In fact, Santiago is killed many times throughout the text. There is, of course, the grisly murder that appears at the end of the book, but Santiago Nasar also dies symbolically in his dreams.† Most critics agree that Chronicle of a Death Foretold â€Å"provides a snapshot in time of a society tha t remains captured by its own outmoded customs, beliefs, and stones.† And it is the irony of human kind that man forgets the creator as he is entrenched deep in the mirage of his superficial system of codes. The people dress themselves in white linen only to cover their bodies; the insides of which are as polluted as filth. The significance of the soul and morality has lost it meaning in their eyes. By putting on a white veil on their bodies, the townspeople intend to hide the demon that has grown inside their hearts with the ignorance of the true ideology of religion.

Essay Examples on John Adams Essay Example

Essay Examples on John Adams Paper 1st Essay Sample on John Adams John Adams was born on October 30, 1735, in Massachusetts Bay. He was born in a well-to-do family of five. He is the eldest son and was named after his father, John Adams. Young Adams was able to receive a proper childhood education, as his father was a deacon of the Congregational church, as well as a lieutenant of the local militia. Despite his busy schedule, his main interest and occupation was farming. At 1761, Adams father passed away due to the flu epidemic. His mother remarried at 1766, but young john did not get along with his stepfather. Young Adams was not very bright at his studies, but through his tutor, Joseph Marsh, guidance, he was able to go to Harvard College at the age of 16. At the age of 1755, he graduated and found hisfirst job, as a teacher in Worcester, Massachusetts. During his teaching career, Adams found his new interests in Latin, history and law and Adams yearned to make his mark upon the world. All along, Adams was wondering if he was able to achieve som ething great in his life. During these years of his life, Adams begins keeping his famous journal. After many years of teaching, he married Abigail Smith, a third cousin of his and also the daughter of the minister of Massachusetts, in October 25, 1764, when he was 28 years old. Soon after the marriage, Abigail becomes his closest friend as well as his political advisor. They had five children and one of them died a few years after birth. Their eldest son, John Quincy Adams, later became the sixth president of the United States. As Adams interest in studying law increases, he began to take night classes under the tutelage of James Putnam and continued his teaching carrier during daytime. Due to Adams intelligence and law knowledge, he was chosen by the people of Braintree to write protest against the Stamp Act. 2nd Essay Sample on John Adams John Adams was educated and thoughtful; he was more of a philosopher rather than a politician.He had thoughts about how to run the United States government that provoked the nation.Adams believed in a government that would promote happiness and security, as well as a government that gave the citizens a chance to speak out, he thought that this system would create a much more dignified America. When John Adams became president he wanted to change the face of the government.His philosophy was to communicate ease, comfort, security, and to promote happiness (Christy).He also believed that a good government would obtain an empire of laws (Christy).It is obvious that Adams wanted to have an organized administration in which everyone would be satisfied with.Adams also thought that the powers of the government should be obtained by a representation of people (Christy).The two powers that he wanted were a legislative and executive branch (Christy).Adams almost certainly wanted to spread the powers of the government and not have people underrepresented.Adams believed that a government should promote safety as well as the satisfaction of the people; he also thought that the powers of should be equal. John Adams conceived in order to have a successful administration that the people must speak out.Ballots, according to Adams would elect office (Christy).He also contrived that if his philosophies were followed it would teach political virtues of humility, patience, and moderation (Christy).By this reasoning, Adams sought after a moderate government and a society that was more humble.Adams continued his thoughts about his ideologies by adding that this system would have many advantages due to the different characteristics in office (Christy).Adams also said that the dignity and stability of the government depended upon the bright and skillful administration of justice (Christy). We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on John Adams specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on John Adams specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Examples on John Adams specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

North South Economy Civil War essays

North South Economy Civil War essays How Economy Differences between the North and the South and the Pattern of Railroad Construction Fed Sectional Tensions before the Civil War. As the U.S. economy advanced and grew in size, each region of the country developed its own characteristics. The move toward industry made the regional differences between the North and South more pronounced and kept these sections of the United States further apart. While both sections favored canals and railroads to keep the new country moving, it was the Souths commitment to slavery that kept that section from aggressively trying to keep pace with the North. The economy of the Southern U.S. was agricultural with cotton as its main product. One third of the southern population was a slave. Since cotton was in high demand in Europe as well as in the Northern U.S., the South continued to concentrate on this main product. The invention of the cotton gin expanded the institution of slavery forcing the Southern economy to become even more dependent on slavery and less interested in developing their own manufacturing which maintained their rural atmosphere. With the majority of the wealth of the South invested in land and slaves, there was little left to devote to the expansion of industry, let alone a marketing strategy or transportation system to enable them to further promote their cotton. Consequently, the middlemen (mostly Northerners) made more money off the cotton than the Southerners did. The Southern people were not dependent upon one another due to the self-sufficient nature of plantations. The very nature of slavery affecte d the white population since southerners who were poor thought that working for another was a kind of servitude. Slavery also brought with it the societal effects of continued dominance of males and forced plantation owners to be vigil to the possibility of an uprising by the slaves. The South economy was stagnant, inefficient, and undeveloped a...

Strategy and Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Strategy and Marketing - Essay Example Economic conditions as well as lifestyle needs demand that consumers invest in their housing to ensure asset value growth and require adequate transportation and computer systems to facilitate effective and demanded lifestyle quality. Many of these industries do not require a strong market-oriented strategy, since the competitive environment does not mandate being ultra-sensitive to buyer needs (Walker & Mullins, 2011). Companies such as The Home Depot and Lowe’s offer rather standardized products that are in demand due to economic conditions and widespread consumer need for asset protection. In this oligopoly market structure where there are limited competitors, the business can avoid high costs associated with customer relationship management systems and other market-oriented models of doing business. The mid- and long-term factors of high performance are credit availability, limited competition in certain high-performing industries, pricing structures, and high consumer dem and. No, it would be difficult to make the assumption that some industries are inherently more profitable than others. Some have operational models that consume a great deal of cash or credit that are not widely understood without examining annual reports or market studies on business strategy and growth. They may offer higher prices, however the cost of goods sold in these industries could be substantially higher than other competitors that have leaner models of production. There are many factors associated with promotions, brand positioning, or even expensive information technology and support that could erode profitability. Walker & Mullins (2011) identifies that market success requires examination of external trends that impact the industry long-term. Ineffective market research, either qualitative or quantitative, as well as a poorly-developed promotional strategy could greatly undercut profitability as compared to more efficient competitors at these activities. Automobile Manu facturing Performance Automobile manufacturer sales volumes are strongly influenced by consumer demand and also short-term economic conditions in key target markets in their desired segments. Morningstar (2012) identifies rather poor mid- to long-term performance at Nissan, but rather high performance at General Motors. Both of these companies offer mid-sized to larger-sized vehicles and operate in generally the same socio-economic market segments. Walker & Mullins (2011) identifies the importance of positioning, which is establishing a product that will emphasize consumer needs and help to differentiate the brand from other competition. General Motors conducts considerable market research on consumer attitudes, behaviors and needs which assists this business in gaining more customers. Psychographics is only one method of establishing connections with buyers. Nissan, on the other hand, might have less developed promotional and advertising strategies that do not stand out from compet ition. While GM would be positioned as a lifestyle-relevant product line, Nissan might be ineffective at successfully differentiating the product. Though this is only one factor, it does indicate why some companies perform better financially than others due to the importance of successful marketing strategy implementation and control. The automotive industry is also reliant on consumers that conduct a great deal of

Critically evaluate the contribution that music can make to health and Literature review

Critically evaluate the contribution that music can make to health and wellbeing - Literature review Example People with mental health issues can benefit from music because it takes them away from thinking of themselves as patients by promoting their self-esteem, social recognition, confidence and status especially when they participate in singing (Bradt & Dileo, 2009:2, Music for stress and anxiety reduction in coronary heart disease patients). The relationship between arts and health has been a topical issue for a long time. The linkage between arts participation and health has been developed for instance the influence of sports on physical health and the influence of music on mental health. It is indeed true that arts participation has an effect on key health indicators. Music, health, and well-being: A review by Raymond and Macdonald (2013) asserts that musical participation as part of arts participation has a direct influence on the mental health and well being in people. Research has indicated that music contributes to mental health and wellbeing of people in different stages of life for instance children and the elderly. Rose Perkins and Aaron Williamon (2013) in their article Learning to make music in older adulthood: A mixed-methods exploration of impacts on wellbeing explore the links between older adulthood, wellbeing lifelong learning and music and posit that music has an important aspect for healthy ageing (Unkefer & Thaut, Eds. 2009:23). By healthy ageing, Unkefer & Thaut, Eds. (2009) refer to the absence of illnesses in old age in terms of social, physical and mental health. In this respect Unkefer & Thaut, Eds. (2009) acknowledge the fact that, â€Å"There is a growing body of literature exploring the relationships between music and wellbeing in the ageing population, and we know that music is a powerful part of many older adults’ lives† (Perkins & Williamon, 2013:551). While citing other sources, Downey, et.al, (2013)

The Problems in International Marketing Communication

The Problems in International Marketing Communication Whether its a manufacturing company or service company,Communication is a very crucial element its marketing process. This is clear in the definition of Marketing: the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large [1]. Marketing communication is also considered as one of the four most important elements in every marketing process, the 4 Ps of the Marketing Mix. The 4 Ps are: Product, place, price, promotion. . Every company specifies the product or service it wants to sell product, where these products are delivered place , how to set a price price, and how to promote its products promotion. Marketing Communication falls under the promotion category. Three vitals roles fall under it: providing needed information and elaboration on a product, persuading target customers of a specific brand, and encouraging them to take actions and buy their products. It serves both types of customers: existing customers, and prospective (potential) customers. It serves the existing customers by maintaining relationships with them. This can be done by database systems for customers and direct selling. Marketing communication serves the prospective customer by communicating the information and advice this customer needs. Such information are like: cost of the product or service, specific features, benefits and functions [4]. Elements of the communication mix: Below are some ways to communicate information: Medium Explanation Advertising A paid insertion of a message in a medium Public relations the planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain goodwill and mutual understanding between the organization and its publics( users, potential users, and employees) Sales Promotions Activities done to attract customers and boost temporary sales. Examples: the buy one get one offer, distribution of free samples. Personal Selling Face-to-face communications between buyers and sellers Telemarketing Taking orders by phone (inbound), Selling through phone or teleselling (outbound) Ambient Advertising Messages places on items such as bus tickets, stamp franking, till receipts, petrol pumps, and so forth. Any message that forms part of the environment Press Advertising Any paid message that appears in a newspaper or magazine TV Advertising Commercial messages shown in breaks during and between TV programs Database Marketing Profiling customers on to a database and sending out personalized mailings or other communications to them. Example: Sukar.com sends emails with pictures of products and price offers. E commerce Use of websites to promote and sell products Corporate Identity The overall image that the company projects; the companys personality Branding The mechanism by which marketing communications are coordinated Off-the-screen selling Using TV adverts linked to inbound telephone operations (taking orders by phone). Also, home shopping channels such as QVC. Figure 1 Source: Blythe J. (2006) Essentials of Marketing Communications, 3rd edition Figure 2 Message channel Advertising media and/or personal sales force Encoding: Message translated into Appropriate meaning Noise Competitive activities, other salespeople, confusion, and so on Decoding Encoded message interpreted into meaning Information source Marketer with a product Feedback Evaluation of communications process and measure of action by receiver Receiver Action by consumer responding to decoded message The senders culture (A) The receivers culture (B) Source:Cateora P, Graham J. (2008) International Marketing [ 3 ] The Challenges of International Marketing: Cultural Diversity: Marketers need to develop understanding and empathy with their target audiences. Marketers need to assure that customers receive their messages without any altering of the meaning intended in the first place. Meanings of words can be denotative or connotative. Denotative means: having the same meaning for everybody. Connotative means: having a meaning which is unique to the individuals. The customers opinion of the advertisement is subjective. Strawberries mean the red small fruits. For some people, which are allergic to strawberries, it means allergy and disease. This is easy when the marketer and audience share the same background and outlook. [2]. In international marketing, , the audience customers are diverse, the same message can be understood differently from one to another. So, the message has to be clear enough to be understood by almost all types of receivers. Only 30% of communication used words. Examples are: numbers, space, artifacts, and kinetics. If the company is international, then their audiences are from diverse cultures. A message might resemble a meaning in a country and a very different meaning in another country. For example: the sign of the thumb and index finger circle means OK in America. In Brazil, on the other hand, it is considered a rude gesture. So, if a marketer is targeting Brazil and America at the same time, he/she should use unique advertisements for each country. Toyota introduced the Prado SUV in China. The names sounded the Chinese word for Rule by Force. It reminded the Chinese people of invasion by Japan 1937. It was not a nice memory at all. [3] Production and Cost Limitation: A challenge that faces international marketers is that they have to be as creative as possible, especially when there are severe production limitations. Some magazine papers in some countries are made of severely poor quality. A product like a shampoo might have to depart from the print media if it is of low quality. In Egypt, the poor quality billboards and poor-quality televisions have led big companies like Coca-Cola to advertise their products on boats that sail along the river. Direct Mail In Southeast Asia, printed press is not widely used. Thus, Direct mailing databases form a basis mean of advertising. Any international company that wants to market in Southeast Asia needs to use the Direct Mailing pattern. The problem about it is that the sender has to pay only a part of the mailing fee. The receiver has to pay the rest. The Challenges on the Marketing Message: An information source an international marketing executive that has a product message to communicate. Encoding converting the message from the source to the receiver. The message is transmitted to effective clear symbols. Themessage channel the sales force and/or the media that transfers the coded message to the intended receiver. Decoding The interpretation and understanding by the receiver. Receiver The targeted customers. Feedback The customers opinion on the message. He gives it back to the information source. Noise any external obstacles that hinder the communication process: physical and non-physical competitors, other salespeople, and confusion) What is obvious from the above figure is that the message starts from a point and ends in it. The message is produced by the information source the sender. Then it is encoded into an appropriate meaning. After that, it goes through a message channel: advertising media, personal sales force. Later, it is interpreted into meaning. Then, the receiver responds to it. Afterwards, the receiver evaluates the communication process feedback. Finally, the feedback is transferred to the information source. This is the flow of the international communication process. The noise is any external obstacles that come in the way of any of these steps. It hinders the transfer of the message. Any problem that affects any of these steps will affect the correct understanding of a message. A problem with the information source: The marketer is supposed to know the needs of the international target market ex: The whole world , and not limit them to the needs of the national market ex: USA. A good example is the mobile phone industry. If a company is doing well with selling luxurious mobile phones, it doesnt necessarily mean that it has to do well in selling the same phones in another country. The first countrys market need is luxury Ex: Qatar, while in the other country is it only communication Ex: Syria. Such problem can happen if the information source or the marketer relies on the self-reliance criterion (SRC). The information source might depend onhis own markets success and assumes it will succeed in marketing to other countries. If it sells well in one country, it will sell in another [3].Clearly, this assumption is definitely wrong. Also, general lack of knowledge of the target markets need will result in sending a wrong message through media or personal selling to the existing of prospect consumers. Encoding A marketer for certain relaxing drug chooses the white color for an advertisement, assuming that it has a relaxing effect. Patients might relate it to hospitals this will have a negative effect on buying the medicine. Thus, to transfer the correct message, all factors relating to the target market have to be taken into consideration. In the United States and Canada, Toothpaste is important because healthy teeth are perceived as important. In European countries, on the other hand, it is mainly used for breath control. So, an advertisement of toothpaste for European citizens has to stress breath control instead of healthy teeth. 3-Â ­The Message Channel The channel has to be carefully chosen to assure the message is delivered and understood by customers. Sending messages through internet means, there has to be a reading role from the receivers side. If the medium internet is used for an intended market in which there is a lot of illiteracy, the message will certainly not be understoodby those intended customers. The language For advertising for a product on TV for instance, the language of the audience have to be considered. If the advertisement reaches countries in the Middle East, they have to be translated to the Arabic language to assure proper understanding. This is not applicable on all products. For instance, Arabic is the spoken language in the Middle East in a lot of industries. At the same time, English is used in the technical industries in the Middle Eastern countries. So an advertisement in the technical field requires using the English language, even if it is intended for Middle-Eastern customers. Decoding Chevrolet launched a brand name for a car model called Nova. It means New Star. According to the Spanish language, on the other hand, Nova means It doesnt go. Another similar example is Coca Colas Come alive slogan being decoded as Come out of the grave. [3] Although Europeans and American speak the same language, but their perception and way of thinking is different. An ad transferred from the United States with an American Celebrity standing atop a mountain with a Lipton teas mug didnt make sense for East Europe citizens. [3] So, Errors at the receivers side are mainly due to: Improper message because of improper knowledge of use patterns Poor encoding (building a messages meaning) Poor media selection. The wrong mean for the wrong message. Poor decoding by the receiver Least possible bad luck Ex: When The Paris government didnt get along with the attack in Iraq in 2003. A lot of French products were boycotted. Frenchs Mustard was mistaken for being French, while it was named so after its founder Robert French. It was accidently boycotted along the other French products. Feedback As much as delivering the message correctly is important, acquiring feedback is important. Companies have to do surveys and research on how effective was the responding to its marketing messages to decide whether to carry on with them or not. If the feedback of receivers was not taken into consideration, this will allow the same mistakes to be carried on again and again. A detailed research with causes and effects of factors regarding the marketing messages on the customers is very essential and important. It will assure success in the future messages. Media Limitations and Personal Selling: An international marketer might be forced to use other promotional means if he/she is exposed to media limitation. In Italy, a television commercial for instance is limited only to 10 showings a year, and with no exposures closer than 10 days. [3] This will definitely hinder the use of advertising and the marketer is forced to look for other promotional means. In Latin America because of media limitations, Coca Cola and Pepsi-Cola shifted to carnival trucks. Carnival truck make frequent trips to rural villages to promote their products. The carnival truck stops in a village, gives a TV show about them for a low admission price. The price is an unopened bottle that is exchanged for a cold bottle and also for a coupon for another bottle! These kinds of promotions attract customers widely, and are considered aw ways to deal with media limitations. Studying of the behavioral habits of an intended market produces positive results. This strategy was done by Nestle in France. A lot of French take off for a long vacation in the summer time, taking all their family members in the car heading to campgrounds. Nestle, as a result, provided rest stops along highway for changing and feeding babies. This strategy allowed the French people to be aware of the samples of Nestle diapers and food products. By that, it branded its name by sampling and promotion. Local Laws: -May not permit premiums or free gifts be distributed. Some countries may control the amount of discount given at retails -Permits for all sales promotions. A waste of all the promotional strategies that are undertaken in other countries in which it is legal it will affect personal selling negatively Challenges for international emailing marketing: Message form: The amount of message that works in one country doesnt necessarily work in another. In USA, it is common to post main headlines of articles with the links to the full article. In other countries, like the Middle East, customers expect to see the full article. This depends on how the consumer is used to receive knowledge. -Personalization and salutations: Examples: Dear John, Dear Saraetc. In US, the use of salutations has a positive effect on the recipients. On the contrary, other countries consider it as invasion of privacy and people of this country dont feel comfortable receiving emails with salutation. -Local norms: There are many norms that cant be predicted if you are unaware of local norms. For example, in the U.S. its quite common to post prices exclusive of tax. In some other countries, this is simply not done and may even be not allowed by local law. In France, its common to ask recipients to print out a form and fax it back, whereas in many other countries this would be considered absurd. -Local laws: The most obvious laws that apply to international e-mail are anti-spam requirements, some countries may have additional laws and requirements for doing business electronically, especially related to privacy and use of personal information. -Send time: When to send is another important question. Countries have different time zones depending on their geographical location. While 3 pm Canada timing is an appropriate time to send emails for customers, it is a very inappropriate time in countries on the other side of the world. [4] -Stereotypes and marketing communication: First to define stereotypes: It is a commonly held popular belief about specific social groups or types of individuals. The concepts of stereotype and prejudice are often confused with many other different meanings. Stereotypes are standardized and simplified conceptions of groups based on some prior assumptions. Sometimes, there are certain perceptions or ideas people relate to a specific country, and these ideas might be wrong. For example: If an Egyptian company is advertising for a perfume with a drawing of the Egyptian flag. Egypt is not considered as a leading country in producing perfumes. France, on the other hands is considered so. So, European citizens might assume that this perfume is not worth buying. Hence, they will not respond positively to the commercials of perfume from USA. [5] Country of Origin Effect The issue about international marketing products, whether by personal selling, TV Advertising, or even off the screen selling, is that marketing the product outside its home country is not as easy as marketing it inside it. This is due to the many factors that need to be known about the consumers in countries the company is intended to export to. Such factors are like consumer behavior. [5] Consumer behavior dictates when, why, what, and where a consumer buys or doesnt buy a product. Conclusion If any company doesnt last for three years, this means the company is a failure. To assure success for a company, the marketing mix have to be well designed whether its a service or a manufacturer company. A very important and crucial aspect of the marketing mix is promotion, which is understated under Marketing Communication. To Assure proper communication of a message, all the above factors have to be taken into strict consideration: The message, the means, the market, the external legal and local factors. The message have to well-designed before it is sent. Thus, being aware of legal and local restrictions of countries is essential for giving green and red lights to marketing communication strategies. The marketing strategies have to be tested on the various markets, to prospect the outputs. Then, proper knowledge of the market needs is studied. Then, the right routes of communication are chosen to assure transferring of the message. The message has to be matched with the receiver s point of views. The major problem facing international advertisers is designing the best messages for each market served.[3] Taking some factors in consideration and neglecting some cause big problems, because in international marketing everything is related to one another.Since the sales amount depend largely on Marketing Communication, the sales department depend largely on the marketing department. Thus, The effective Marketing Communication is one of the keys to success of two departments in a company. Hence, no one in a company can deny the effective outcomes of effective commination.

The Human Service Field Essay -- Ethics, Advocacy

The Human Service field can be challenging to people at times and rewarding as well in other moments of one’s career. What is the Human Services field exactly? According to the National Organization for Human Services they report that â€Å"the field of Human Services is broadly defined, uniquely approaching the goal of meeting human needs through an interdisciplinary knowledge base, focusing on prevention as well as remediation of problems, and maintaining a commitment to improving the overall quality of life of service populations† (NOHS, 2009). Human Service professionals are responsible for many tasks over a course of one’s position as a professional. One part of what is required of a Human Service worker would be the understanding of the individual, family and community that they are serving, respecting the diversity that would be amount us, and being able to make professional judgments whenever one is needed to. Now, Reamer (2006) lists those keys to soci al work practice in which I find to be where I like to walk the path in and in which I was just talking about above. These include the following â€Å"commitment to enhancing well-being and helping meet basic human needs of all people, client empowerment, services to people who are vulnerable and oppressed, focus on individual well-being in a social context, promotion of social justice and social change, and sensitivity to cultural and ethnic diversity â€Å" (pg/ 49-51) Human Services workers must have some other qualities as well in order to successfully complete their position in this career. Some of these are but not included are; effective listening and communication, effective organization skills, and good working relationship with others. As I considered Reamer (2006), he goes on... ...tential benefits and risks for each† (2006, pg. 73). Next, you will then examine and determine what the reasoning was behind what just occurred. â€Å"What happened when you acted? To what extent, if at all, did your action bring about the expected consequences? To what extent, if at all, were there unforeseen consequences? Knowing what you know now, would you have acted in the same way or chosen a different response to the situation† http://kspope.com/memory/ethics.php. Once this has been done you may want to consult with another colleague or an expert of some kind to run this information by to get some advice from. Then a decision can then be made on where to go from this point forward. Once the decision has been made there needs to be documentation that need to be filed. The last thing that needs to occur is the monitoring, evaluating, and then document the decision.

Post Partum Haemorrhage (PPH) Essay

Introduction: Post partum haemorrhage (PPH) is an obstetrical emergency that can follow vaginal or cesarean delivery. It is a major cause of maternal morbidity and one of the top three causes of maternal mortality in both high and low per capital income countries, although the absolute risk of death in much lower in high income countries (1 in 100,000 versus 1 in 1000 births in low income countries). Furthermore, hemorrhage is the leading cause of admission of the intensive care unit and the most preventable cause of maternal mortality. The average blood loss following vaginal delivery, caesarean delivery and caesarean hysterectomy is 500 ml, 1000ml and 1500 ml respectively. Depending upon the amount of blood loss, post partum hemorrhage (PPH) can be- âž ¢ Minor (1L) âž ¢ Severe (10g/dl) so that the patient can withstand some amount of the blood loss. †¢ High risk patients who are likely to develop post partum hemorrhage (such as twins, hydramnios, grand multipara, APH, history of previous PPH, severe anemia) are to be screened & delivered in a well equipped hospital. †¢ Blood groping should be one for all women so that no time is wasted during emergency. †¢ Placental localization must be done in all women with previous caesarean delivery by USG or MRI to detect placenta accreta or percreta. †¢ Women with morbid adherent placenta are at high risk of PPH. Such a case should be delivered by a senior obstetrician. A availability of blood & or blood products must be ensured before hand. Intranatal: †¢ Active management of the third stage, for all women in labour should be a routine as it reduces PPH by 60%. †¢ Women delivered by caesarean section, oxytocin 5 IU slow IV is to be given to reduce blood loss. †¢ Exploration of the utero-vaginal canal for evidence of trauma following difficult labour or instrumental delivery. †¢ Observation for about 2 hours often delivery to make sure that the uterus is hard and well contracted before sending her to ward. †¢ During caesarean section spontaneous separation & delivery of the placenta reduces blood loss (30%). Management of retained placenta: This diagnosis is reached when the placenta remains undelivered after a specified period of time (usually half to 1 hour following the baby’s birth). This is done to apply pressure to the placental site. The whole hand is introduced into the vagina in cone shaped fashion after separating the labia with the fingers of the other hand. the vaginal hand is clenched into a fist with the back of the hand directed posteriorly and the knuckles in the anterior fornix. The other hand is placed over the abdomen behind the uterus to make it anteverted. The uterus is firmly squeezed between the two hands. It may be necessary to continue the compression for a prolonged period until the (during the period, the resuscitative measures are to be continued). Manual removal of the placenta: The operation is done under general anaesthesia. The patient is placed in lithotomy position with all aseptic measures, the bladder is catheterized. One hand is introduced into the uterus after smearing with the antiseptic solution in cone shaped manner following the cord, which is made taut by the other hand. While introducing the hand, the labia are separated by the fingers of the other hand. The fingers of the uterine should locate the margin of the placenta. Counter pressure on the uterine fundus is applied by the other hand placed over the abdomen. The abdominal hand should steady the fundus & guide the movements of the fingers inside the uterine cavity till the placenta is completely separated. As soon as the placental margin is reached, the fingers are insinuated between the placenta & the uterine wall with the back of the hand in contact with the uterine wall. The placenta is gradually separated with a side ways slicing movement of the fingers, until whole of the placenta is separated. When the placenta is completely separated, it is extracted by traction of the cord by the other hand. The uterine hand is still inside the uterus for exploration of the cavity to be sure that nothing is left behind. i) Management of third stage bleeding: In this third stage of bleeding or hemorrhage, the bleeding occurs before expulsion of placenta. Principles âž ¢ To empty the uterus. âž ¢ To replace the blood. âž ¢ To ensure effective haemostasis. Steps of management: a) Placental site bleeding: âž ¢ To palpate the fundus and manage the uterus to make it hard. âž ¢ To start crystalloid with oxytocin at 60 drops /min and to arrange for blood transfusion if necessary. âž ¢ Oxytocin 10 units IM or methargin 0.2 mg. is given intravenously. âž ¢ To catheterize the bladder. âž ¢ To give antibiotics (ampicillin 2gm.and Metronidazole 500mg. IV). b) Traumatic bleeding: The utero vaginal canal is to be explored under general anaesthesia after the placenta is expelled. ii) Management of true post partum hemorrhage: In this true post partum hemorrhage the bleeding occurs subsequent to expulsion of placenta (majority). Management: âž ¢ Call for extra help involve the obstetric senior staff on call. âž ¢ Keep patient flat and warm. âž ¢ Send blood for diagnostic test. âž ¢ Infuse rapidly 2 litres of normal saline. âž ¢ Give oxygen by mask 10-15L/min. âž ¢ Monitor the pulse, blood pressure, urine output, drug type, dose and time. B. Secondary Post partum hemorrhage: Definition: Secondary post partum hemorrhage is bleeding from the genital tract more than 24 hours after delivery of the placenta and may occur upto 6 week later. The bleeding usually occurs between 8th to 14th day of delivery. Causes: The causes of late post partum hemorrhage are- 1. Retained bits of cotyledon or membranes (commonest) 2. Infection and separation of slough over a deep cervico-vaginal laceration. 3. Endometritis and sub involution of the placental site- due to delayed healing process. 4. Secondary hemorrhage from caesarean section wound usually occur between 10-14 days. 5. Withdrawal bleeding following oestrogen therapy for suppression of lactation. Clinical Manifestation: 1. The lochia are heavier than normal & recurrence of bright red flow. 2. Offensive lochia if infection is a contributory factor. 3. Sub involution of uterus. 4. Pyrexia & tachycardia. Diagnosis: The bleeding is bright red and varying amount. Rarely it may be brisk. Varying degree of anemia & evidences of sepsis are present. Internal examination reveals evidences of sepsis, sub involution of the uterus & often patulous cervical OS. Ultrasonography is usual in detecting the bits of placenta inside the uterine cavity. Management: Principle: âž ¢ To assess the amount of blood loss & to replace it (transfusion) âž ¢ To find out the cause & to take appropriate steps to rectify it. Management: i) Massage the uterus if it is still palpable to bring about a contraction. ii) Express any clots. iii) Encourage the mother to empty her bladder. iv) Give an oxytocic drug such as ergometrine by intravenous or intramuscular route. v) Save all pads & lines to assess the volume of blood loss. vi) If retained products of conception are not seen on an ultrasound scan, the mother may be treated conservatively with antibiotic therapy and oral ergometrine. vii) Anemia is treated with iron supplement & in severe cases, blood is transfused. Nursing management of PPH: Assessment: 1. Assess maternal history for risk factors, plan accordingly and communicate to the perinatal area. 2. Assess pulse pressure, recording consistently less than 30bpm are consistent with hypertensive crisis. 3. Assess intake & output chart. 4. Assess location & firmness of uterine fundus. 5. Palpate the bladder distension, which may interfere with contracting of the uterus. 6. Inspect for intactness of any parineal area. Diagnosis: i) Deficit fluid volume related to blood loss as manifested by looking pale, dehydrated & decrease pulse rate. ii) Acute pain related to perineal discomfort from birth trauma and physiologic changes from births as monitored by wrinkled in forehead, restlessness & irritability. iii) imbalance nutrition less than body requirement related to restriction in food intake as manifested by fatigue, weakness and lethargic. iv) Sleeping pattern disturbance related to pain & bleeding as manifested by drowsiness, lethargic, irritated, etc. v) Risk for infection related to birth process & maintaining poor hygiene as manifested by patient’s verbal complain, irritable & discomfort. Goal: i) Monitoring for hypotension & bleeding. ii) Minimize the pain. iii) Improve nutritional status. iv) Improve sleep pattern. v) Reduce the risk for infection. Intervention: âž ¢ For 1st diagnosis: i) Monitor vital signs every 4 hours during the first 24 hours. ii) Assess vaginal discharge for clots and amount. iii) Maintained IV line as ordered by the doctor. âž ¢ For 2nd diagnosis: i) Assess pain level, location, duration and type also. ii) Provide comfortable position (i.e. supine position) iii) Administered medicine as prescribed by the doctor. âž ¢ For 3rd diagnosis: i) Assess the nutritional status of the patient. ii) Patient is advised to take liquid diet from 3rd day & solid from 4th day. iii) Weight in monitored daily. âž ¢ For 4th diagnosis: i) Sleep pattern is assessed. ii) Provide a neat and tidy bed to the patient. iii) Unnecessary procedures avoided during sleeping period. iv) Patient is advised to discourage day time sleeping. âž ¢ For 5th diagnosis: i) Assessed the level of infection, burning sensation and frequency of urination. ii) Washing hands & wearing gloves can reduce the risk for infection before doing any procedure. iii) Advised the patient to maintain the personal hygiene and also should teach how to take care of perineal area. Evaluation: i) Bleeding is reduced than before. ii) Patients pain level might be minimized. iii) Nutritional status of the patient is improved. iv) Patients sleep pattern is improved. v) Infection is controlled. Conclusion: Post Partum hemorrhage continued to be a leading cause of maternal morbidity & mortality. In this patient despite identification and attempt at correction of an identified clotting disorder, major obstetric hemorrhage was not avoided. However, these factors may be unavoidable and early surgical intervention as per local protocol is recommended to minimize maternal morbidity. After studying & presenting the seminar on the topic of PPH, I got a thorough idea about this disease and I am thankful to ma’am for giving me opportunity of presenting this topic. I think I can be able to import some amount of knowledge to the group & I will be able to provide proper care to such patient if I got in future. Bibliography: 1. C.D. Dutta â€Å"text book of obstetrics† 7th edition, new central book agency, page no- 410-418 2. Annamma Jacob â€Å"A comprehensive textbook of midwifery & Gynecological Nursing†, 3rd edition, Joypee brothers medical publishers (p) Ltd. 3. â€Å"Myhes Tex book for midwives†, edited by V. Rith Bennett Linda K. Brown, 12th edition. Page No- 462-470 4. Dr. Parulekar Shashank V., â€Å"Text book for midwives†, 2nd edition, voramidical publication. Page No- 351-356. 5. B. Basavanthappa T. â€Å"Essentials of midwifery & obstetrical Nursing†, 1st edition, Jaypee Brothers medical publishers. Page No- 544-555. 6. w.w.w.urmc.rochester.edu>URMC>Health Encyclopedia âž ¢ w.w.w.birth.com.au>Labour & Birth. âž ¢ w.w.w.rcog.org.uk>Home>women’shealth> idelines>search for a guideline. âž ¢ Bmb.oxford journals.org/..205full. âž ¢ w.w.w.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov> journal list>cases J/V.J;2008